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Functional analysis of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter gene family of Tribolium castaneum
Broehan Gunnar,Kroeger Tobias,Lorenzen Marcé,Merzendorfer Hans
BMC Genomics , 2013, DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-6
Abstract: Background The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters belong to a large superfamily of proteins that have important physiological functions in all living organisms. Most are integral membrane proteins that transport a broad spectrum of substrates across lipid membranes. In insects, ABC transporters are of special interest because of their role in insecticide resistance. Results We have identified 73 ABC transporter genes in the genome of T. castaneum, which group into eight subfamilies (ABCA-H). This coleopteran ABC family is significantly larger than those reported for insects in other taxonomic groups. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this increase is due to gene expansion within a single clade of subfamily ABCC. We performed an RNA interference (RNAi) screen to study the function of ABC transporters during development. In ten cases, injection of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into larvae caused developmental phenotypes, which included growth arrest and localized melanization, eye pigmentation defects, abnormal cuticle formation, egg-laying and egg-hatching defects, and mortality due to abortive molting and desiccation. Some of the ABC transporters we studied in closer detail to examine their role in lipid, ecdysteroid and eye pigment transport. Conclusions The results from our study provide new insights into the physiological function of ABC transporters in T. castaneum, and may help to establish new target sites for insect control.
Propicia la resistencia medicamentosa y las recaídas el tratamiento breve con antimaláricos?
Kroeger Axel
Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública , 2001,
Abstract:
A short constructive proof of Jordan's decomposition theorem
Pawel Kroeger
Mathematics , 2003,
Abstract: Although there are many simple proofs of Jordan's decomposition theorem in the literature (see [1], the references mentioned there, and [2]), our proof seems to be even more elementary. In fact, all we need is the theorem on the dimensions of rang and kernel and the existence of eigenvalues of a linear transformation on a nontrivial finite dimensional complex vector space.
Coisotropic Subalgebras of Complex Semisimple Lie Bialgebras
Nicole Kroeger
Mathematics , 2014,
Abstract: In his paper "A Construction for Coisotropic Subalgebras of Lie Bialgebras", Marco Zambon gave a way to use a long root of a complex semisimple Lie biaglebra $\mathfrak{g}$ to construct a coisotropic subalgebra of $\mathfrak{g}$. In this paper, we generalize Zambon's construction. Our construction is based on the theory of Lagrangian subalgebras of the double $\mathfrak{g}\oplus\mathfrak{g}$ of $\mathfrak{g}$, and our coisotropic subalgebras correspond to torus fixed points in the variety $\mathcal{L}(\mathfrak{g}\oplus\mathfrak{g})$ of Lagrangian subalgebras of $\mathfrak{g}\oplus\mathfrak{g}$.
EDTA aggregates induce SYPRO orange-based fluorescence in thermal shift assay
Andreas Marmann,Benedikt Frieg,Finn K. Hansen,Georg Groth,Holger Gohlke,Luitgard Nagel-Steger,Peter Proksch,Sander H. J. Smits,Tao Zhang,Tobias Kroeger
- , 2017, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177024
Abstract:
Parental happiness and strain among young adult parents diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Rhiannon A Kroeger
- , 2018, DOI: 10.1177/1742395317694701
Abstract: This study used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) to examine whether young adult parents diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder experience less parental happiness and/or more parental strain than their counterparts not diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Results from logistic regression models indicated that young adult parents ever diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder have significantly greater odds of feeling overwhelmed as parents and significantly lower odds of feeling close to their children or happy in their role as parents compared to those never diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Potential implications of these results for scholars as well as health professionals treating adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder patients with children are discussed
E-Commerce Business Models and Search Engine Dependency  [PDF]
Tobias Klatt
iBusiness (IB) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/ib.2013.53B041
Abstract:

E-Commerce business models attracted a great deal of attention in the last years. An increasing number of bargains are realized via online transactions. However, some business models suffer distinctly under changes of search engine algorithms while others experience continuous stable traffic. This paper sheds light on the drivers of the unpunished e-commerce businesses based on a case-by-case analysis of 43 business models in the German Internet market. The analysis reveals that more stable business models are characterized by diversified customer arrivals which are obtained by a focused product management, multiple marketing channeling, freemium registration strategies and a subtle way to attract customer trust.

The Generalized wH Value  [PDF]
Tobias Hiller
Theoretical Economics Letters (TEL) , 2014, DOI: 10.4236/tel.2014.43034
Abstract:

In this note, we generalize the wHSh value [1] [2] for CO values.

The Electromagnetic Particle—A Backward Engineering Approach to Matter in SI Units  [PDF]
Tobias Bartusch
Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology (JHEPGC) , 2020, DOI: 10.4236/jhepgc.2020.64052
Abstract: This article describes the properties of the free elementary particles from an electromagnetic approach in SI units. The analysis is done from a backward engineering approach for the structural analysis. This also includes the origin of charge, which is modelled from a single photon and the pairing effect. Then the necessary implications for a stable particle including an explanation of the inner particle force and the quantization condition for the radius of the electron are handled. Furthermore, the properties of the myon, tauon, proton, neutron and black holes will be extrapolated and a possible reason for the mass oscillation of the Neutrino will be shown also. In addition, a possible explanation for the occurrence of matter free mass based on an EM-mass equation will be explained and will suggest an obviously resulting augmentation to the special relativity theory and finally the analytical approach of the theory is compared to the CODATA values and astronomic data for black holes.
La reforma del sector salud en Colombia y sus efectos en los programas de control de tuberculosis e inmunización
Ayala Cerna, Carlos;Kroeger, Axel;
Cadernos de Saúde Pública , 2002, DOI: 10.1590/S0102-311X2002000600032
Abstract: this paper analyzes the effects of health reform in colombia on public health programs at the local level, particularly the expanded program of immunization (epi) and the tuberculosis control program. the research was developed in three health districts in two states by analysis of documents, direct observation, and longitudinal follow-up of the transition process. the health districts were unprepared for the change, resulting in insufficient technical skills among staff as well as lack of awareness of important elements in the new system, associated with a reduction in immunization coverage and tuberculosis case detection. structural problems in the new system included loss of immunization opportunities and lack of examination of tuberculosis contacts. the potentialities of the new system were the local development of a new organizational structure and the improvement of the information system; a limiting factor was exposure of the health system to local political interests. the general conclusion is that the transition period takes far longer than anticipated and requires a much greater information flow to both the local level and the community. there are transitory but also structural maladjustments that require a political response.
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